Type-writing machine



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O. E. TILTON. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Aug. I3, 1889.

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TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 409,128. Patented Aug. 1s, 1889.

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C. E; TILTON TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 409,128. Patented Aug. 13, 1889.

Suben/CQ@ www @Ww .a @my 85M you gg, l@mom UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES E. TILTON, OF VORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE TILTON MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF PORT- LAND, MAINE.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 409,128, dated August 13, 1889.

Application filed December 19,1884. Serial No. 150,777x (No model.)

To alli/1700721] t may concern: Fig. 6 is a top view of the lever by which the 5o Beitknown that I, CHARLES E. T1LTON,aciti spacing between the words is effected. Fig. zenofthe United States, residingatNVorcester, 7 is a longitudinal sectional View of a porin the county of Worcester and State of Massation of the escapement. Fig. 8 is a detached 5 chusetts, have invented a new and useful Im- View of the bent lever by which the carriage provement in Type lVriting Machines, of is disconnected from the teeth of the raek- 55 which the following is a specification, with bar. Fig. 9 shows the plunger carried in the accompanying drawings, forming part of the sliding' ring. Fig. 10 shows a portion of the same, illustratingatype-writing machine emnotched bar which receives the pressure of Io bodying the several features of myinvention. the key. Fig. 11 shows a sectional view of My invention relates to certain improvethe inking-roll, and Fig. 12 is an isometrical 6o ments in that class of type-writing machines view of the inking device. Fig. 13 is a top known as single-key? machines, and'especiview of the spacing-lever, together with the ally to certain improvements in the typespring by which it is sustained in its normal r 5 writing machine forming the subject of the posit-ion. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing the Letters Patent No. 306,295, granted to me bell and hammer by which the bell is struck, 65 October 7 1884; and my invention consists in and illustratingthe operation of the hammer. the improved devices and in the arrangement Similar letters refer to similar parts in the and combination of parts, as hereinafter deseveral views.

zo scribed, and speciiically set fort-h in the sub- A A denote the base of the machine, upon joined claims. l which, supported by suitable frame-work, are 7o The main features of the machine forming the parallel rods B, C, and D. Upon the rods the subject of my present invention and that B and C a carriage slides, carrying an indexforwhich the patentfabovenamed was granted plate E, an inking device, and an escapez 5 to me are similar in that in both the paper is ment, by which the proper steppingmotion held on a platen in position to be printed, and of the carriage is effected, securing the spac- 75 a movable type-bar sliding on a rod serves to ing between the letters and words. The carbring the desired type into proper position to riage consists of the two ends FF ,sliding on be struck by a hammer and broughtin contact the rod C, and extending rearward and in- 3o with thepaper at the point intended to receive closing the rod B, and connected together by the impression, and also in that the spacthe bar G. Vibrating upon pivots da, held 8o ing for the letters is produced by a stepping in lugs extending upward from the ends F F motion of the hammer over the paper; but in of the carriage, is a notched bar I, having my present invention important and marked arms I I2 and a curved prong or arm forming 3 5 changes are made in many particulars, which the. hammer. From the inside of the arm I are fully and clearly set forth in the followa spur l) projects over and rests upon the end 85 ing description, reference being had to the of the lever J, pivoted in lugs extending upaccompanying drawings, in whichward from the central section of the bar G.

Figure 1 is atop view of myimproved type- One end of the lever J carries the plunger b',

4o writing machine. Fig. 2 is an end view as and is held up by the spring c on the bar G.

seen from the left. Fig. 3 shows a similar The plunger b slides in a ring b2, attached to 9c view, but with the devices for actuating the the bar G and inclosing the rod C, and its feed-roll removed, and showing the position lower end is beveled and adapted to engage of the several parts at the time one of the the notchesdin therodCandholdthe carriage 45 type is brought in contact with the platen. from sliding on the rod. The opposite end Fig. 4 shows a sectional view on line X X, Fig. of the lever has a rod c, which passes through 95 1. Fig. 5 is a view of that part of the maa slotfof the plungerfQFig. 9. The plunger chine forming the escape1nent, the front f has its vlower end adapted to engage the portion of the machine having been removed. notches d, and slides in a ringf?, which incloses the rod C, and has an arm f3 extending up and sliding in a slotf4 in the bar G, with a flangef resting 011 the upper surface of the bar G. Ileld in a socket g on the undei' side of the bar G is a spring g', pressing against the ring f2. To the carriage is attached the cord 71 which is carried over the scored pulley 71. and attached to the periphery of the larger scored drum 71.2, within which I place a coiled spring, (not shown in the drawings,) whose tension shall act to wind the cord 71J upon the drum h2 and draw the carriage to the right along the rods I3 and C.

In the normal position of the operating parts the plungers are as shown in Fig. '7, the carriage bein g held stationary by the plunger f engaging one of the notches d. If the notched bar I be pressed down, the projecting spur b on the arm I will press down that end of the lever carrying the plunger h into one ot the notches d and hold the carriage, while the upward motion of the opposite end of the lever will withdraw the plunger f', allowing the spring g to move the ring fb2 the distance of one or more notches, as may be determined, the arm f3 sliding along the slot fA1 in the bar G. It the pressure be removed from the notched bar I, the spring c will act to carry that end of the lever, together with the bar I, upward, withdrawing the plunger b and allowing the plnngerf to engage a notch in advance of its former position,when the spring coiled in the drum h2, overcoming the tension of the weaker spring g', will move the carriage forward. 'lhe carriage in its forward movement is stopped by means of the ring j"2 and has a forward stepping inotion at every vibratory motion of the notched bar I and of the lever J.

It will be seen that the carriage will move at each forward motion a distance that will be a multiple of the space from one of the notches d to the next. The rod C is held in the frame of the machine, and is capable of being turned in its bearings, but is held in position by means of a setscrew C', Fig. 5. Upon the lower side ot the rod C is a series el notches having the distance from one notch to the next adjacent notch greater than the distance from one of the notches (l to the next notch. lly turning the rod C half-way round the lower set ot' notches are brought uppermost in the position occupied by the notches d, and the spacing between each of the letters will then be increased to correspend with the greater space between the notches. In the same manner other series of notches can be placed upon the rod C and other varieties of spacing between the letters secured. I am thus enabled to give a greater spacing between all the letters in the words of any given sentence to take the place of italicizing the saine.

*Pivoted to the ends F F are the arms fr' i', Fig. (i, connected by a lever i2, terminati ngin a knob iii. From the arm i" a spur i" projects,

against which the screw g2 strikes at each forward motion of the ring f2, caused by the spring g, thereby limiting the motion of the carriage at each step. The screw g2 is held in the arm f3 and permits an adjustment to vary the steps ot' the carriage. The spiral spring j, Figs. l and 13, is coiled upon a pin. Supported in lugs at the back of the carriage is a torsional spiral spring held upon a pin to which one end of the spring is attached, while the free end of the spring extends to the rearward under the lever i2 and holds the lever 2 and stud t* in proper position to re ceive the screw g2. Then it is desired to increase the stepping motion of the carriage as, for instance, between the words-the knob 'i3 may be pressed downward, thereby lowering the spur 'i4 and allowing the screw g2 to move forward against the arm i. A bent le ver K, pivoted at k in the end F of the carriage, has its horizontal arm carried beneath an arm k on the plunger f and its vertical arm terminating in a button-shaped end 7a2, by which the operator may raise the plunger f independently of the lever and move the carriage back in position to begin a new line, the blade-spring rf on, the lever serving to return the plniiger into one of the notches 1l. Upon the rod D is a sliding sleeve I., to which are attached the curved key M and the bar N, between which and the plate N2 are clamped by the screws Z a series of elastic blades N', cach of the elastic blades carrying upon its opposite end and under side a type, as shown at m, Figs. i?, 3, and l. The pointu of the key passes over the carriage and extends beneath the index-plate E. To the central section of the key I pivot a linger with its longer arm n extending forward and resting upon the front edge of the index-plate E, and against the end of the shorter arm n2, I bring the action of a spring n, attached to the key, which causes the points n and u to grip the edge of the index-plate, and also allows the operator, by pressing upon the knob n, to carry the key M downward, as shown in Fig. 3, the finger-pointu moving forward and between the' V-shaped studs o on the plate E, rocking the sleeve Il on the i'od D, and bringing the elastic type-carrying blades N from an inclined to a horizontal position, is illustrated in Fig. 3, while at the same time the arm p on the under side of the key )I is brought against the notched bar I, carrying it down and bringing the curved prong 11', forming the hammer, upon one of the elastic blades II', carrying it downward in advance of the remaining blades, as at q, Fig. .5, and causingits attached type to press against the platen O. The several types and their elastic blades are so arranged relatively to the linger n that when the linger is brought into proper position to pass through an opening between any of the V-shaped studs o, as indicated by the character it is desired to print, that elastic blade bearing a similar type will be brought into proper position to IOO IIO

be struck by the hammer p. Directly back of the prong or hammer p', I hang a swinging curved plate r, pivoted at its upper end in lugs attached to the carriage and having at its lower end a forked frame r', carrying a small roll r2,covered,preferably, with felt. A spring r3, resting in a socket behind the curved plate r, holds the plate against the blade s, projecting from the hammer p', and carries the ink-roll forward beneath the elastic typecarrying blades N', as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, and as they are brought down bythe rocking motion of the sleeve L the face of the type are brought low enough to receive the contact of the ink-roll as it moves back into the position shown in Fig. 3 through the action of the blade s moving inward and downward over the curved surface of the swinging plate r, which is suitably shaped to secure the rapid withdrawal of the ink-roll from beneath the type in time to allow that one brought beneath the action of the hammer to pass down and come in contact with the platen. As the ink-roll is moved back, it is carried over an iuking-plate t, which may have an ink-pad upon it or ink otherwise distributed over its upper surface, so that the ink-roll r2 as it `moves back will be made to roll by contact over the inked surface and be sufficiently supplied to properly ink one of the types in its neXt reciprocating motion.

In Fig. l2 is shown the construction of one form of an inking device embodying the features of my invention. The plate I is attached to the under side of the b ar G, Fig. 4, and to its front edge I pivot the curved plate r, and extending downward from its rear edge is a curved plate 2, which forms at its lower end an inking-plate t, while in the lugs, one of which is shown at 3,.I support upon a pin the springj, Fig. l.

The ink-roll is shown in sectional view in Fig. ll, and consist-s of a pin u, which eX- tends through and turns in the arms of the forked frame 0, and upon which a short piece of metallic tube u is pressed tight enough, so that both tube and pin will turn together. A porous covering u2 is then placed over the metallic roll so formed to act as an absorbent of the ink. This form of roll is easily removed, when it becomes worn or hardened by continued exposure, by driving out the pin from both the tube and frame r.

The platen O is a bar extending lengthwise of the machine and forming also a portion of its frame-work, with its upper hori! zontal surface arranged in proper position to receive suitable pressure from the types when they are brought down by the action of the hammer. Immediately in front of the platen O is a roll P, preferably provided with a roughened or a yielding surface, journaled in suitable bearings in the frame-work of the machine and carrying a ratchet-wheel R, actuated by a sliding push-bar Saud pawl S', a spring o returning the bar and pawl to engage the succeeding tooth upon the ratchet.

Extending over the roll Pis a plate T, pivoted to the frame at its ends bylugs, one of which is shown at w, Fig. 3, and having its under surface tangential to the periphery of the roll and substantially parallel with the platen O. `Arms T T at the front and ends of the plate T have springs y placed beneath them, by which the tangential surface of the plate T is firmlypressed upon the roll P. The paper to be printed, as seen at V, Figs. l, 2, and 3, has its edge placed under the plate T and is pressed into the acute angle formed by the under surface of the plate T and the roll P. A forward motion is then given to the roll by means of the push-bar and ratchet, and the paper will be carried forward over the platen O, thereby obviating the necessity of raising the plate T in order to insert the paper between it and the roll. The paper as it is fed to the machine passes beneath the plate T, by which it is held from curling or rolling, and by the pressure of the plate it is held upon the roll. P in substantially tangential contact.. At each intermittent motion of the roll P the paperis carried forward and projected over the surface of the platen c'without producing any curvature in the paper, which in the case of heavy paper or card-board would materially impede its progress between the roll and plate. These objects can obviously be attained by the employment, in lieu of the plate T and springs y, of a plate of an elastic material attached at one side to the frame-work of the machine and extending over and resting upon the top of the roll with a yielding pressure and in the same relative position to the roll and platen as the plate T. Such a construction I therefore deem to come within the scope of my invention. The forward motion of the roll the space .of one of the teeth on the ratchet R determines the space between the lines.

In case the paper is to be removed from the machine, the plate T may be lifted from the roll P by pressing on the arlns T T.

I am aware that a roll and a pressure-plate by which the paper is held against the roll, said pressure-plate being curved concentrically with the surface of the roll, have been heretofore used; also, that a bar forming a part of a pivoted bail has been used, said bar pressing upon the surface of the feed-roll. I claim none of these devices as a part of the feeding mechanism of my improved type-writing machine, in which the paper is held against the under surface of a plate parallel with the platen and tangential with the feed-roll, by which the paper is moved along the surface of the pressure-plate by the frictional contact of the. roll.

On the rod 13,1 place the graduations 1I, Fig. l, by which the position of the carriage may be determined and by which the collar 5 may be set by means of the set-screw 6, so as to allow the carriage to be brought back to the same point at the beginning of each line.

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7 denotes a bell, which is attached tothe trame or stationary part of the machine.

S is a hammer mounted upon the upper or free end of a blade-spring 9, attached at its lower end to the frame.

l0 is a projection extending upwardly from the top ot the hammer 8, the plane of the projection 10 being placed obliqucly to the line ot motionv of the carriage.

l1 denotes a blade-shaped projection attached to the end If" et the reciprocatin carriage, and the projection 10 is placed in the path ot the projection ll, whichis also placed obliquely to the line of motion of the carriagc, so that as the projection l1 passes the projection ,l0 it will move the projection l() and hammer S outwardly, bending the bladespring 9. As the projection 11 leaves the projection IO, it is suddenly released, allowing the tension of the spring 9 to carry the hammer S against the bell 7, and thus indicating the end ot the line.

As the carriage is moved back to the starting-point, the oblique blade Il on the carriage passes in the rear of the oblique blade l0, carrying the hammer forward a short distance, but not far enough to bring itin contact with the bell.

A series of notches upon the upper surface of the bar I guides the arm p as the key is pressed down, so that the proper position of the types may be determined and the hammer prevented from striking two of the typc-ear ryiu g blades at the same time.

I am aware that type-writing machines have been described having elastic bars 'with type attached to their free ends; also, that inkingrolls have been employed in typew1iting machines to pass over the face of the type. Such I do not claim, broadly.

Ilaving thus described my invention, what I claim isl. The conlbination, with a carriage having a reciprocating motion in a right line and elastic type-bars attached to said carriage, of a carriage capable of an intermittent motion, a hammer 1)', notched barI, pivoted on the earriage, having an intermittent motion, key M, attached to said vtype-bar carriage, an d arm p, attached to said key, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the stationary rod I) and type-bar carriage having a reciprocat ing motion on said rod, of elastic type-bars N', types `m., attached to said elastic bars, key M, pivoted pointer n', arm p, hammer 9)',notched bar I, and index-plate E, having spurs o, substantially as described.

The combination, with the type-bar carriage carrying elastic type-bars N and key M, of a hammer-earriage having an intermittent motion, hammer p', notched bar I, provided with arms I' I2, pivoted on the hammer-carriage, projection l), lever J, and spring t', and an eseapemeut mechanism, substantially as described, and operated by the lever J, substantially as described.

ft. The combination, with a carriage having a rocking motioii about a horizontal axis and havin a series of type-bars attached thereto, of a key M, hammer p', notched bar I, armp, attached to the key M, blade .5^ on hammer p', curved swinging plate yr, spring o, pivoted arms 2", ink-roll f/"i, and inking-plate t, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a type-bar carriage having a rocking motion about a horizontal axis, of elastic type-bars N', types on. on the under side of the free ends of said bars, key N, arm 1), hammer-carriage carrying a hammerp' and a notched bar I, blade s on said hammer, swinging plate fr, arms fr', carrying roll y/'-, and spring l1', by which the roll 1") is carried beneath the type-bars, said blade s, swinging plate r, roll fr?, and types nt being all relatively so arranged that the rocking motion of the type-bar carriage carries the types in. into the path of the roll r2 prior to the rearward motion of said roll over the types on. as actuated by the blade .5^ upon said swinging plate 1', whereby the tension el the elastic type-bars is caused to press the types upon thc roll r, substantially as described.

G. The combination, with a type-bar earriage having a horizontal reciprocating motion and a hammer-carriage having an intermittent reciln'ocating motion, of key M, earried. by the type-bar carriage-arm j), and pivoted pointern', index-plate E, and notched bar I, carried bythe hamitier-carriage and having notches corresponding with the characters upon said index-plate, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with an index-plate E, having V-shapcd teeth, and an arm or key lll, having its end n resting against the under side ot' the index-plate, of a finger or pointer pivoted to said arm or key and having the end of its longer arm a resting on the upper side of theindex-plate, and a spring attached to the arm or key and pressing againstthe shorter arm of the pivotcd finger, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the hammer-earriage carrying a hammer p' and -notched bar I, having arms I I2, of the projection l), lever .I, spring c, plunger D', ring f2, plunger f", spring g, and notched rod C, said rod being capable of being reversed or turned in its bearings, and having notches on opposite sides, of varying spaces, substantially as described.

i). In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a carriage carrying a hammer pivoted thereto and adapted to press the type upon the platen, and a notched bar or rod, and mechanism, substantially as described, by which said carriage is moved along the notched bar or rod, of an escapement consisting of a lever pivoted on said carriage, plungers connected to the ends ot' the lever and sliding in Ways, so as to be alternately connected with and disconnected from the notched bar or rod by the action of the lever,

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one of said plungers being carried in a sliding block actuated by a spring, whereby it is carried along the notched bar or rod independently of the carriage, together with mechanism for actuating the lever as each letter is printed, substantially as described.

l0. The combination, with the carriage of a type-writing machine having motive power connected therewith, of the pivoted lever J, spring c, plungers b and f', sliding' ring f2, spring g', and notched bar C,substantially as described.

ll. In a type-Writing machine, the combination, with a hammer-lever carriage, of an escapement consisting of a lever having plungers connected with its ends and engaging a rack bar or rod, one of said plungers having a sliding motion-along the rack bar or rod independently of the other, said plunger being slotted at its connection with the lever, substantially as described, and a lever K, adapted to lift said slotted plunger independently of the action of the lever,whereby both plungers may be disengaged from the rack-bar, substantially as described.

l2. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a hammer-lever carriage having a ring f2, sliding' in a slot f4 of lever J, and carrying a plunger f and screw g2, of a spaeing-lever i2, pivoted by the arms t' and '21', and having a spur i and a spring j, whose tension is applied to raise the lever i2, substantially as described. v

13. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a platen to receive the impression of the type, of a feed-roll and a plate with its surface tangential to the surface of said feed-roll and also parallel with said platen, and a spring whose tension is applied to said plate to press-it against said feed-roll, substantially as described.

14. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a platen to receive the impression of the type and a feeding-roll at the side of and parallel with said platen, of a plate held by the frame of the machine upon the side of the feeding-roll opposite said platen, the under surface of said plate presenting a plane surface in tangential contact with the feeding-roll and substantially parallel with said platen and exerting a yielding pressure upon said roll,whereby the paper is held from curling or rolling as it passes beneath said plate, substantially as described.

15. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with a hammer-lever carriage having an intermittent or stepping motion, of a blade ll, placed obliquely to the line of motion of said carriage, a bell-hammer supported upon a spring 9 and provided with an oblique blade l0, and a bell attached to the frame-work of 'the machine, substantially as described.

CHAS. E. TILTON.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH II. WEDGE, RUFUs B. FOWLER. 

